{"id":2196,"date":"2026-03-17T05:16:02","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T05:16:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/?page_id=2196"},"modified":"2026-03-17T05:16:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T05:16:02","slug":"phan-tich-tac-pham-cua-f2-21-ygia-clark","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/f2-21-ygia-clark%e4%bd%9c%e5%93%81%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a F2-21.ygia Clark"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1016\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-1016x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-1016x1024.jpg 1016w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-600x605.jpg 600w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ-768x774.jpg 768w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/W1siZiIsIjQwNTUyNSJdLFsicCIsImNvbnZlcnQiLCItcXVhbGl0eSA5MCAtcmVzaXplIDIwMDB4MTQ0MFx1MDAzZSJdXQ.jpg 1429w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1016px) 100vw, 1016px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* c\u1ee7a Ygia Clark, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1957 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (MoMA) \u1edf New York, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Formica v\u00e0 s\u01a1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 99,7 \u00d7 99,7 cm. N\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &quot;Planes in Modulated Surface&quot; c\u1ee7a Clark, m\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1957. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a MoMA gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 &quot;chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng&quot;; n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sau khi b\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh &quot;m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c&quot;, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Clark kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac, l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111en tr\u1eafng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1eeba g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1eeba so le trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Chuy\u1ebfn tham quan c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a MoMA \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng &quot;xoay quanh m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a&quot; \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, &quot;s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp&quot; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng t\u0129nh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c &quot;l\u1edbp&quot; t\u1eeb \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a MoMA, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Clark t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957-1959, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng &quot;c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh&quot; trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 &quot;c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c&quot;, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0u li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a *C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng trong b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh 4*: Clark kh\u00f4ng v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ba chi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a &quot;s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n - x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp - d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i&quot; gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng. Ph\u1ea7n thuy\u1ebft minh c\u1ee7a MoMA \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng Clark \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng, t\u00ednh nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc; trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 n\u00e9n, g\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u1eb3ng, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nhau, xoay v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111en, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 &quot;s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u&quot;, &quot;l\u1edbp n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc&quot; v\u00e0 &quot;\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a hai l\u1edbp&quot;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c&quot; trong *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i MoMA t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a Clark \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 ra m\u1ed9t &quot;kh\u00f4ng gian gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng&quot;. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y - y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111en hay tr\u1eafng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 &quot;ranh gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng&quot; xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01a1i hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1eb7p nhau. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Clark, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a MoMA \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan v\u00ec b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1edbi &quot;nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tranh v\u1ebd v\u00e0 khung h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc&quot;. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong khi *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda: m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng gian, c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb b\u1ee9c tranh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao Clark sau n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian cao h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 &quot;Counter Reliefs&quot; v\u00e0 &quot;Bichos&quot;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn mang t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cao cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng&quot;. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong su\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean; n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111en tr\u1eafng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7, t\u1ea5m acrylic, g\u00f3c m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt g\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y, x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n; tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng gian. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Lygia Clark trong *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m &quot;x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng&quot; t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/art23.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1014\" style=\"border-top-left-radius:31px;border-top-right-radius:31px;border-bottom-left-radius:31px;border-bottom-right-radius:31px;width:65px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\r\n        <div class=\"arttao-tts-wrap\" data-selector=\".entry-content p, .entry-content li, .arttao-tts-source-content p\" style=\"margin:12px 0;\">\r\n          <audio id=\"arttao-tts-audio\" controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%; max-width:800px;\"><\/audio>\r\n          <div id=\"arttao-tts-status\" style=\"font-size:13px; margin-top:6px; color:#F7FFFF;\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <details class=\"arttao-tts-accordion\" style=\"margin: 20px 0;\">\r\n            <summary>B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc F2-21: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ygia Clark (Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 xem v\u00e0 nghe b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc)<\/summary>\r\n            <div class=\"arttao-tts-source-content\">\r\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* c\u1ee7a Ygia Clark, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1957 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (MoMA) \u1edf New York, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Formica v\u00e0 vecni c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 99,7 \u00d7 99,7 cm. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1t tranh &quot;Planes in Modulated Surface&quot; c\u1ee7a Clark, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1957. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a MoMA cho bi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1t tranh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 &quot;chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng&quot;; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00fat quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sau khi b\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng&quot;, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Clark kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch, g\u1ea5p, l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1eeba ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1eeba so le trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh. Chuy\u1ebfn tham quan b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng MoMA \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng &quot;xoay quanh m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a&quot; \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, &quot;s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp&quot; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng t\u0129nh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn &quot;c\u00e1c l\u1edbp&quot; t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c. B\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a MoMA, khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a Clark t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1959, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng &quot;c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh&quot; trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 &quot;c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng&quot;, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0u li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Planes in Modulated Surface 4*: Clark kh\u00f4ng v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ba chi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa &quot;s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n - s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp - s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n&quot; gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, ranh gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng. \u0110o\u1ea1n ghi \u00e2m c\u1ee7a MoMA \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng Clark \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng, t\u00ednh nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc; trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 n\u00e9n, g\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111en tr\u1eafng ph\u1eb3ng l\u1eb7ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nhau, xoay v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. V\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111en, tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 &quot;s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u&quot;, &quot;l\u1edbp n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc&quot;, v\u00e0 &quot;\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a hai l\u1edbp&quot;. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp l\u1ec7ch&quot; trong *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng to l\u1edbn th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1ecf. B\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a MoMA t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a Clark \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t &quot;kh\u00f4ng gian gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng&quot;. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y - y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111en ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 &quot;ranh gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng&quot; xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1eb7p nhau. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Clark, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a MoMA \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan v\u00ec b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1edbi &quot;nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tranh v\u1ebd v\u00e0 khung h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc&quot;. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda: m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng gian, ranh gi\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb tranh v\u1ebd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao Clark sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 &quot;Counter Reliefs&quot; v\u00e0 &quot;Bichos&quot;, v\u1ed1n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng gian h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng&quot;. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong su\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean; n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111en tr\u1eafng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o \u1ed1p g\u1ed7, x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng acrylic, g\u1ea5p m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea5y, x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f4-\u0111un t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n; tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng gian. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Lygia Clark trong *Planes in Modulated Surface 4* n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m &quot;x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng&quot; t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\n\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/details><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ygia Clark \u7684\u300aPlanes in Modulated Surface 4\u300b\u4f5c\u4e8e 1957 \u5e74\uff0c\u73b0\u85cf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2196","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2196"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2198,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2196\/revisions\/2198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}