{"id":2209,"date":"2026-03-17T06:10:57","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T06:10:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/?page_id=2209"},"modified":"2026-03-17T06:10:57","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T06:10:57","slug":"phan-tich-cac-tac-pham-cua-donald-judd-f2-25","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/f2-25-donald-judd%e4%bd%9c%e5%93%81%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"F2-25. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Donald Judd"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"521\" src=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-1024x521.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-1024x521.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-600x305.jpg 600w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-768x391.jpg 768w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315-1536x781.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sprueth_magers_Donald_Judd_Untitled_9165_1991_9315.jpg 1890w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966) c\u1ee7a Donald Judd. Trang gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Whitney m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 &quot;m\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e9p m\u1edf, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau&quot;, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm, c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed treo t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i. Qu\u1ef9 Judd ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Judd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng &quot;ch\u1ed3ng&quot; ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1i, v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 &quot;th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang&quot;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 n\u00e9t. &quot;M\u1edf&quot; kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 r\u1ed7ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u00edch; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Whitney v\u1ec1 Donald Judd r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: sau khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, \u00f4ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n &quot;h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thang&quot;; b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a MoMA v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y Judd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: &quot;Kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng.&quot; \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y minh h\u1ecda ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a *Untitled* (1966) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1edf k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i &quot;m\u00f4-\u0111un&quot; t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng gian. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau, v\u1eeba gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Judd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Whitney \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &quot;to\u00e0n th\u1ec3&quot;, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c &quot;h\u1ed9p&quot;, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf &quot;trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c&quot; th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. \u0110i\u00eau kh\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf c\u1ee7a Judd t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp &quot;kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng&quot; v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y khung th\u00e9p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c khoang b\u00ean trong khung, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i. Whitney, khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u0103m 1968, c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng Judd l\u00e0m cho &quot;kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong&quot; tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00ean trong, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u chu\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u1edf n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1966. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 &quot;c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i&quot;, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 &quot;c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh&quot;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c treo nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn quan s\u00e1t&quot; th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Judd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &quot;x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng&quot; r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng: l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;: c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u cho kh\u00f4ng gian th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng &quot;kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp&quot; khi h\u1ecd di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;. N\u00f3 minh h\u1ecda r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c; th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9p k\u00edn; nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Judd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m, v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00f4-\u0111un, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Donald Judd, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966), \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot; t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc r\u1ed7ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/arttao.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/art81.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1059\" style=\"border-top-left-radius:41px;border-top-right-radius:41px;border-bottom-left-radius:41px;border-bottom-right-radius:41px;width:68px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\r\n        <div class=\"arttao-tts-wrap\" data-selector=\".entry-content p, .entry-content li, .arttao-tts-source-content p\" style=\"margin:12px 0;\">\r\n          <audio id=\"arttao-tts-audio\" controls preload=\"none\" style=\"width:100%; max-width:800px;\"><\/audio>\r\n          <div id=\"arttao-tts-status\" style=\"font-size:13px; margin-top:6px; color:#F7FFFF;\"><\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <details class=\"arttao-tts-accordion\" style=\"margin: 20px 0;\">\r\n            <summary>B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc F2-25: Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 xem v\u00e0 nghe b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/summary>\r\n            <div class=\"arttao-tts-source-content\">\r\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966) c\u1ee7a Donald Judd. Trang gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Whitney t\u00f3m t\u1eaft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 &quot;m\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e9p m\u1edf, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau&quot;, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm, c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed g\u1eafn tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i. Qu\u1ef9 Judd ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Judd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng &quot;ch\u1ed3ng&quot; ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed1i, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &quot;th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang&quot;. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;. &quot;M\u1edf&quot; kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, m\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng gian, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. B\u1ea3n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Whitney v\u1ec1 Donald Judd r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: sau khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, \u00f4ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n &quot;h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thang&quot;. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a MoMA v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y Judd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: &quot;Kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng&quot;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y minh h\u1ecda r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1edf k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m &quot;m\u00f4-\u0111un&quot; t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng gian. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau, v\u1eeba gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t; tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Judd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Whitney \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &quot;to\u00e0n th\u1ec3&quot;, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a &quot;to\u00e0n th\u1ec3&quot;, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c &quot;h\u1ed9p&quot;, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf &quot;trung t\u00e2m r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc&quot; th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. \u0110i\u00eau kh\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf c\u1ee7a Judd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp bi\u1ebfn &quot;s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng&quot; th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y khung th\u00e9p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c khoang b\u00ean trong, kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i. Whitney, khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1968, c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng Judd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho &quot;kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong&quot; tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00ean trong, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u chu\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u1edf n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1966. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 &quot;c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i&quot;, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 &quot;c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp v\u1ecf l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb&quot;. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 treo c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quan s\u00e1t&quot; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Judd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &quot;x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng&quot; r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng: l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m *Untitled* (1966) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;: c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edf, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng m\u1edf; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u cho kh\u00f4ng gian th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &quot;kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c&quot; khi h\u1ecd di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn mang \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho &quot;c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot;. N\u00f3 minh h\u1ecda r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c r\u1ed7ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c; th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9p k\u00edn; nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Judd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m, v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00f4-\u0111un, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Donald Judd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &quot;Untitled&quot; (1966) l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m &quot;m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u1edf&quot; t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc r\u1ed7ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\n\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/details><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Donald Judd \u7684\u300aUntitled\u300b\uff081966\uff09\u3002Whitney Museum \u7684\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u9875\u9762\u628a\u5b83\u6982\u62ec [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2209","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2209"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2209\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2211,"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2209\/revisions\/2211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}