{"id":2246,"date":"2026-03-18T19:09:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T19:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/?page_id=2246"},"modified":"2026-03-20T05:41:57","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T05:41:57","slug":"phan-tich-cac-tac-pham-cua-frank-stella-f2-29","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arttao.net\/vi\/f2-29-frank-stella%e4%bd%9c%e5%93%81%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Frank Stella (F2-10)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Frank Stella l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng "h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng hai chi\u1ec1u", d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Frank Stella mang \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a "c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian". C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t, kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0u v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u00e0i, nh\u00f4 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Frank Stella n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ecdc \u0111en th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf; c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u00f4ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n hay nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n cao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft trang tr\u00ed, m\u00e0 coi n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c: c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i\u2014nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, Frank Stella th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c "b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian" sau khi \u00f4ng d\u1ea7n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a khung tranh h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng khung tranh c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khung tranh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c; c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda: h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 "s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t", m\u00e0 l\u00e0 "x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a Frank Stella ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf "s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong". Tranh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp n\u1ed9i dung trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi Stella cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111a gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng gian. C\u00e1c d\u1ea3i b\u00ean trong, c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xo\u00e1y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb trong ra ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 bao h\u00e0m m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian xung quanh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, kh\u00f4ng gian trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Frank Stella kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o b\u00f3ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t "kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c. Trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean, xoay tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, trong khi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, m\u00e0 m\u1edf ra; kh\u00f4ng t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Frank Stella l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u1edd ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m sau n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i cong, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4 ra, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau, gi\u1ed1ng s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 "nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh" n\u1eefa. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ecdc l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng gian r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Frank Stella v\u1ec1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc: \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Frank Stella v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh logic v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc; ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p "s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i" v\u00e0 "s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5u". S\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, trong khi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5u mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng; h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u0129nh, m\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Frank Stella n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng hai chi\u1ec1u l\u00ean giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian h\u00f3a. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 trang tr\u00ed, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t, m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, ranh gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, mang l\u1ea1i cho tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a "c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian", gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Frank Stella n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft trong tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng gian; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u1edf ra h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Frank Stella \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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